Principles of Euthanasia

‘Examine the view that religious and/or moral principles resolve the major issues in medical ethics' Euthanasia can be classified in relation to whether a patient gives informed consent, it can then be sorted into three types: voluntary, non-volontary and involuntary. One of the arguments regarding euthanasia is the problem of definition. The question of the argument is, where does the killing of a person become acceptable and subsequently where is Euthanasia applied.There is a debate amongst bioethics and medical literature, it aims to conclude as to whether or not non-voluntary (and to a point involuntary) killing of patients can be thought of as euthanasia. In the eyes of some, consent from the person is not regarded as being part of the criteria, these beliefs were held by people such as ‘Beaucham, Davidson and too an extent Wreen'. However, in the eyes of the majority to be able to justify euthanasia you have had to of had the consent of the patient to which it was o ccurring to for it to be acceptable.A sentence to sum up this ‘grey area' in euthanasia is, How do you find a distinction between cutting short a life and allowing to die? Another argument that seems to be against the principals of euthanasia is that of consequentialism. It's philosophy is purely about the outcome and it does not matter as to how the outcome was caused as long as the outcome is good. An example of this is one used by Petit, he states that ‘If you believe something to be the ultimate good then you should do all you can to promote this good and by any means necessary as long as the outcome is a successful promotion of this good. This ties in with euthanasia in a sense that no matter what reason or by which process euthanasia is carried out the outcome will always be that of death. Death is clearly not acceptable as stated in the ten commandments. Even if the person who had euthanasia received it under their own gratefulness and will, so that they would not endeavour continuous suffering, in the light of consequentialitsm murder is murder and it is wrong. Strong believers of this are the catholic church who preach that ‘an act of omission which of itself or by intention causes death is murder'.This also even relates to when the act was undergone in order to prevent suffering. Dentology is a principle that follows absolute rule, so it is in effectively the complete opposite of consequential thinking. It will follow rules in a very literalistic manner and will not waver at all in its meaning. A great believer in the dentology way of thinking was Immanuel kant, one of his quotes was, ‘since a maxim that involves killing cannot be rationally willed to be a universal law, it is wrong'. In applience to euthanasia, dentology will state that killing is murder and murder is wrong.A strong holder of the thoughts of dentology will then use the ten commandments and ‘though shall not murder' to back up its belief even if the act of euthanasia was carried out in the most acceptable and humane circumstances. The quality of life is a term that refers to the general well being of a person. It is used in many different contexts such as healthcare. In accordance with the field of healthcare the general addition that the ‘quality of life' has on it is of somewhat a negative contribution.What this means is that the quality of life in some peoples eyes (those that support and understand the benefit or the realistic element that euthanasia brings a-pon the medical world), when applied to someone in a state of critical illness and a person who wishes for their life to be over, it can be somewhat unfair to deny them of this wish, purely because of the sanctity of life. There are many ways in which this can be contradicted, straight from the words of the bible.God stated that he wished all humans to have free will, this would entail the power to kill yourself. You could also argue that it may be Gobs will and part of Gods plan for that particular persons life to end to reduce the suffering of others. There is also the argument of a ‘slippery slope'. It states that, once it becomes legal and feasible for people to be killed, then people will begin to ask for a slightly more relaxed view on the situation and so on and so forth. This could then move to an extreme like this for example.A busy son has been given the job by his siblings of looking after his elderly discrepant father, instead of devoting his time and nursing him and keeping him healthy, he can just apply for a lethal injection to have his father ‘put down' so he can concentrate on his own life. This is the type of thing the slippery slope argument believes could happen if it became acceptable to kill people, it would devalue human life. There are arguments that support the intentions behind euthanasia such as its practicality.It is in a way wrong to argue that killing someone can be practical and for the greater good, h owever when the structure of the argument of practicality is stripped down and properly analysed it does have a point. There are cases where strong believers of religion do not mind or are scared by the face of death as it puts them out of their misery and others too, they also believe that they will meet their loved ones later on in heaven. Euthanasia is practical in the sense that it actually relieves a person of their pain and it does this in the must relaxed manner possible.It also enables families to speak up freely about death and come to terms with it far better. From a rather blunt practical view, euthanasia can free up hospital space for people who are in chance of getting better, (this is not an actual argument out forward by authorities). There is also the autonomy argument which pretty much opposes most arguments against euthanasia, and that is the fact that you have the right to choose. It argues that it is not correct that an able human being has the right to end their life through suicide.Yet a person in an arguably worse condition who is not physically able to end their life can not be given the right. One can definitely say that euthanasia is a medical procedure that like many other medical processes has a great deal of controversy that comes with it. On the one hand, for thousands of years society like ours have stated that the killing of someone is quite simply against all moral and ethical ways. There is no reason as to why it should be acceptable now.It is also voiced that, pro euthanasia characters may say that it is all voluntary, but how can it be if the person is in such a critical state that they cant mouth their opinions? The first country to give euthanasia a chance was the Netherlands with their thirty year plan. There is evidence that this is going down a ‘slippery slope' in the ‘Groningen protocol'. This is a protocol suggesting that it should be acceptable for parents to end the life of their newly born child if it i s in a critical state.On another hand there are many good points in the practise of euthanasia such as the feeling of misery and devastation it can eliminate and in a sense prevent from being prolonged. This is in regard to the actual person and their friends and family. This refers back to utilitarianism ‘greatest good for the greatest number'. Other reasons that euthanasia should not be a problem is that death is a private matter and it is not for others to inter fear.From a philosophical point of view, someone may argue that, is death really a bad thing? I therefore come to a balanced view on euthanasia, I do believe that with precautions properly put in place it is a good service and provides a ligament role in making people happy. However, I do understand the argument of regulations being able to be broken as demonstrated by the Netherlands where all their original guidelines are not applied today. Word count : 1404

The Basics of How to Start an Essay Samples

The Basics of How to Start an Essay Samples The above is of terrific significance, especially to students who think that critical essays should concentrate on the negative facets of a subject. In conclusion, it would appear that assignment essays continue to get a prominent part in tertiary education as an assessment tool. Luckily, normally a descriptive essay doesn't have any strict recommendations, so you probably won't will need to obey a specific formatting style. The greatest persuasive short essays often concentrate on controversial problems. Essays, generally, covers different topics. The essay is broken up into three big pieces. Based on this issue, each essay will change depending on the depth of the thesis. Writing a profile essay offers you the freedom to handpick the topic of your preference. Ruthless How to Start an Essay Samples Strategies Exploited You may use the samples as a foundation for working out how to write in the appropriate style. A wonderful conclusion will summarize all data that has happened in the write-up and use it in order to give one final reason why you need to join our side. Since writing a profile essay can seem to be a tedious activity to some, ensuring that you've got the most suitable info, subject and knowing the right approach to write will provide you with a much easier experience. The absolute most important to remember is that the many forms of essays have various expectations for their introductions. You need to understand how to compose an essay and the way to conduct an interview. Should you need somebody who can help you compose an essay, you can count on us for the most professional guidance. You may believe that you're not expert enough to compose a process essay. Stephen's essay is rather effective. The last matter to observe is the best way to compose a conclusion for an expository essay. A wonderful college essay introduction is essential to making your essay stand out, so there's lots of pressure to receive it exactly perfect. There are an infinite number of methods to commence an essay effectively. In fact, if you are aware of how to begin an essay, you're considered way ahead of others. Hopefully now you've got a general sense what things to compose your descriptive essay about! When evaluating the best method to begin an essay, you'll also have to regard the content of your essay. You already understand what a descriptive essay is and the way to begin. Therefore, an analytical essay is a bit of writing that gives an informative observation about the particular topic or idea. Hence, understanding how to begin an essay with a quote is a significant skill that makes it possible for students to produce the best of their written assignments or speeches. Writing an important paper or criticizing might appear easy in the beginning, but it could also be challenging. Writing an essay is usually not such an intriguing undertaking, so locating the motivation to begin on figuring out what to write can often end up being quite challenging. Finding out how to compose an essay introduction may appear the ideal start for virtually any student who is fighting with his acade mic job. From time to time, the best method to learn and understand new information is via seeing and understanding work which is already completed. Anyway, it is going to be simpler that you locate work in a different nation. Though, acquiring a regular beginning to the day should make students wish to complete their homework earlier so they can make time for an excellent night of sleep. Even if you're a reserved or introverted individual, when abroad, you've got to communicate with other peopleotherwise, you will not have the capacity to relish your travel and sustain yourself. New Ideas Into How to Start an Essay Samples Never Before Revealed While every section of an essay is essential, it is necessary to note it is in the introduction where readers get to choose whether they ought to be reading the remainder of your composition or not. When writing about an instance of a profile essay about someone who's not well known include enough details that will enable your reader to acquire an idea about what you're presenting. In an instance of personality profile essay, you may use a brief story or a conversation. This profile essay example for college should offer you a notion of the way to write.

How Writing Can Help You Cope With Life - 1205 Words

Terry Tempest Williams achieves her purpose in â€Å"Why I Write† by composing a love letter to â€Å"writing† about how writing can help you cope with life. The author gives a precise summary about why she writes. It seems to be random thoughts, but she has a point to the madness as the reader has to analyze the text more deeply to understand what Williams means. Williams uses this piece to describe a climatic read about why the author feels the need to express herself in this way. However, why would someone write a love letter to writing, or any other art form? For Williams, this is a way of showing her talent as a writer and as an advocate for writing as a profession. Williams does this through her vivid metaphors that push the audience to†¦show more content†¦Williams wants the reader to agree and struggle with the idea that you can change the world with a simple pen and piece of paper. People need to understand that they are not confined by what they are l imited in doing. She encourages the audience to start off with an idea and push it. But the author is not just talking to the readers, she starts to write to the dead: â€Å"I write to the dead. I write out of my body† (81). Williams’ tone comes across as if she does not care what anyone else has to say. But that’s exactly what she is trying to achieve, writing isn’t about anyone but themselves. Williams has an out of body experience every time she writes, which allows her to see the world in a different lens. Making writing not as objective as other core curriculum classes. Whether or not you can memorize two hundred formulas or not, the narrator is trying to get across that you can be an amazing writer whether you have a high school degree or a PHD. She just wants to get her idea across that no matter what, you can write anything and as long as it has sentimental value, heart, and emotion that it will be amazing. The love of writing is subjective, and s he doesn’t want to lose that in todays society. Williams is able to give off a sense of love for writing up to a point where is seems to be a love letter to why she loves writing so much. She has this ability to make love and writing

Rebellion in Fight Club and One Flew over the Cuckoos Nest

Rebellion in Fight Club and One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest All societies have a basic structure, and in order to function well with others, a person must conform to the laws and regulations of said society. In the novels Fight Club by Chuck Palahniuk and One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest by Ken Kesey, a variety of themes are discussed, with the major theme being rebellion. The main characters of both these novels struggle with the established structure they are living in and are unwilling to conform to its rules. They both rebel by openly defying laws, and disobeying authoritative figures. The novels’ main characters are furthermore comparable because they not only rebel but also guide others to do the same. The men whom they lead carry on†¦show more content†¦When the two station attendants try to exploit the men, McMurphy helps them gain the upper hand by posing as criminally insane (Fick). Even though the patients â€Å"become men†, adult sexual ity is conspicuously absent from the novel. It is mainly the men’s cause to â€Å"remain boys on their own terms† (Fick par. 8). McMurphy’s women are boys’ companions. Candy and Sandy are good bad girls. â€Å"McMurphy’s sexuality complements a personal consistency that obliterates the distinction between past and present. Returning from the fishing trip, for example, he stops by his childhood house and tells the men of his own sexual initiation† (Fick par. 9). The rebellion in both novels is also caused by a sense of monotony. The narrator in Fight Club is discontent with his lackluster life; he is so into his material possessions that he creates an alter ego who destroys them all. â€Å"I hated my life. I was tired and bored with my job and my furniture, and I couldn’t see any way to change things† (Palahniuk 172). It is only after he gets rid of everything and stops leading a consumerist lifestyle that he is finally free. Th e tedium in the ward drives McMurphy to rebel, much like the narrator in Fight Club. He feels bored with everyday life and with following the rules; he wants more. The theme that raises questions in both novels is insanity; Tyler Durden is the narrator’s alter egoShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of One Flew Over The Cuckoo s Nest 1306 Words   |  6 PagesBenjamin Wiki - Conformity Intro â€Å"Conformity is behaviour in accordance with socially accepted conventions.† - One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest The novel is set in the 1960’s inside a mental institution told by a patient, Big Chief Bromden and can be seen as a miniature mirror of society. The wards society is presented as a machine, called the Combine, that makes everyone conform to its strict rules and timetables. All individuality is taken away from the patients, and the happy feelings are

Ptlls Assessment 1 Free Essays

Describe what your role, responsibilities and boundaries as a teacher would be in terms of teaching/training cycle. What is the teaching/training cycle? How is it relevant to what teachers do? What are teachers’ responsibilities to their learners? I. e. We will write a custom essay sample on Ptlls Assessment 1 or any similar topic only for you Order Now keeping up to date in subject area, awareness of codes of conduct, preparing sessions, keep records etc. An awareness of how not doing this might affect your learners What is a teacher role? What are teachers’ contractual obligations? Understanding of IFL’s code of practice What are boundaries of what teachers can do and can’t do? I. e. ersonal boundaries with leaners, management demands, professionalism, deadlines etc.? The teaching/training cycle is a process, which identifies needs, planning, delivery, assessments and evaluation in each the responsibilities, role, and boundaries; all have an element of the training cycle, each works hand in hand, I am going to give a definition of each, and how each has an element of the training cycle. The responsibilities of a teacher to be a member of the institute of learning (ifl), have had carried out a CRB check, an understanding of organisational policies and procedures. Understanding issues of equality, diversity and inclusion. It’s a teacher duty to be a source of information regarding accessing grants and funding opportunities, and in full support and promotion of the programme they are teaching. Always making sure that the student/learner is on the right learning path, to be able to advise and give guidance, and referring to other organisations or agencies if the need arises. Or talk, to other professionals, on the behalf of their leaners. Keeping accurate records of everything that is agreed between them and the student. And being able to maintain confidentiality at all times. The role of a teacher is to always think of their learners as ‘all different but all equal’. (Kenny Fredrick’s George Green Annual Report 1997) To create a simulating environment for the leaner, offering an advancement of progress. To assess leaners either by oral or written testing, one to one or within a group learning, this also enables the teacher to plan the lessons, and preparing any teaching materials, and any differentiation that needs to be added to any scheme of work, to the level of their learners. The teacher has a duty of care to their learners and have the responsibility to follow the organisations polices and ethics, and to introduce to their learner to this information, a teacher should be in full support of the organisation, by attending meetings, complying to all administrative tasks such as schemes of marking, attendance records and maintaining records of learners progress, (of interviews, tutorials, assessments, exams etc. ) To act appropriately at all times. A teacher is to always evaluate themselves and their delivery of the subject. You will have professional boundaries within which to work and it’s important not to overstep these. ’ (Gravells, 2010: 11) As a teacher there are boundaries of course, because of working with people, people begin to think as you a friend and not just a teacher, boundaries should not be crossed, always make sure the student knows where he stands with you, ground rules are a must, always giving clear objectives and achievabl e aims. A teacher is to act professionally at all times, and maintain absolute confidentiality at all times. References Kenny Fredrick’s – George Green’s – Annual Report 1997 Gravells, 2010: 11 How to cite Ptlls Assessment 1, Papers

Marketing Consumer Behavior

Question: Analyse the internal and external factors influencing the consumer decision making process for a major purchase. Answer: Consumer Buying Behavior Consumer behavior is the phase that the consumers undergo while making a major purchase and this behavior is constantly influenced by external and internal factors of usage and decision. Based on the real-life situations, the buying behavior of the consumers are in a constant stage of evolving. The process of decision-making undergoes five critical stages while buying services and goods and therefore, the marketer has to identify and understand these five steps for proper proceedings towards the product and close the selling process (Solomon, 2014). Presently, one of the most testing situations of the marketers is the identification of the demand of the consumers and explanation for the requirement of a specific service or product. This information related to purchasing decision is crucial for the marketers to understand as it helps them to identify what have the most significance for the consumers and the factors that influence their decision making regarding a purchase. This helps them to create their marketing strategies and programs according to the need of the consumers. The five steps of decision making by the consumer are information search, information, alternative evaluation, post-purchase behavior and purchase. These steps serve as guidelines for the marketers that help them to understand the requirements and communication of the consumers and act accordingly (Juster, 2015). It is not necessary for the consumers to move exactly as stated but it depends on the financial status, the buying stage and the type of the product. The present report is about the decision making of a consumer while purchasing a car. Since it is a major purchase, therefore the internal and external factors influencing the consumer decision makingwill be critically analyzed. This report is based on the decision making of Mr. David Jones, who happens to be one of my acquaintance while he was about to purchase a new Toyota Corolla. Internal Influences The internal influence that affects the decision making of the consumers regarding a major purchase depends on the way of thinking and lifestyle of the consumers. These are also known as the psychological influences and depicts several stages of decision making like identification of feelings, examination and collection of information, development of beliefs and ideas and taking the specific action (Solomon, Russell-Bennett Previte, 2013). Mr. Jones is a banker in Melbourne with a descent income and he decides to buy a new car as per his needs. He has a family of two children and they have their preferences while making the decision for purchasing the new car. Several recommendations came up and was finalized with Toyota Corolla. This finalization was influenced by several internal factors that have been summarized below. Perception: It is a psychological variable that is involved in the decision making of purchasing a car and influences the behavior of the consumer. The individuals perceive their requirements through the media messages and disregard the remaining (Butkevi ien, Stravinskien Rtelionien, 2015). Perception is of two types that include the low-level one called as perceptual vigilance and the high level one called as perceptual defense and these are shaped by expectations, memory and learning. Mr. Jones before buying the car went through an extensive research process and estimated several other cars in the same category according to his need and budget. However, he went on information from different media sources and finally shortlisted a few names according to his perception that stressed mostly on the safety and security of his family. Learning: Learning is a change in the organization or content of behavior or long-term memory. It enables the consumers to acquire the consumption and purchase knowledge and the experience regarding the behavior that is related to the future. Learning can be acquired by thorough information search from different sources or may be through incidental learning. Learning provides useful direction towards the motive of purchasing (Lysonski Durvasula, 2013). After a thorough investigation from the various resources, Mr. Jones learned much about the cars that are the best fit for his requirements. He needed a car that could help him to go to his office daily and go for family outings as well. Therefore, a sedan would best fit his requirements and so he learned much about the sedans from everywhere. Motivation: It is related to the desire of having the expected outcome and is closely associated with the involvement of the consumer in decision-making. Consumers that are highly motivated will get actively involved physically and mentally in the process of purchasing (Betsch Haberstroh, 2014). Marketers can make the consumers motivated by providing them with opportunities for learning more about their product and allowing them to experience the services of the product. Mr. Jones collected information about the sedans from several websites and other media articles actively and went through the video previews. While conducting the research, he analyzed several situations related to his financial position, overall value, time constraints and perceived risk. To all his questions, an answer pointed towards the sedans. Moreover, Toyota was offering a free test drive offer for their sedans at his city that motivated him to go for a sedan by Toyota. Personality: It signifies the psychological characteristics that state the reaction of a person to his surrounding environment. Personality reflects the choice of the consumers for a particular brand or product and helps the marketer to promote the products. Personality is categorized based on the traits, likes and dislikes of the individuals (Lee et al., 2014). Since Mr. Jones is a banker and aged about 30 years, therefore he would prefer a brand that would suit his personality and occupation. Toyota is a reputed brand in Australia and has been awarded for on-road performance of its vehicles, especially its sedans (Vohs et al., 2014). Mr. Jones will be using his car for multiple uses like daily transport to his workplace and family outings, therefore, sedans by Toyota will suit his personality the most according to the looks, features, comfort and safety. Attitude: Attitude is a conglomerate of the feelings, behavioral intentions and belief of the consumers towards an object with reference to the context of marketing. These components are interdependent and collectively represent the attitude of the consumer towards the object. It is a psychological variable that affects the decision-making process of the consumers regarding a purchase and evolves out of a negative or positive evaluation (Aguirre-Rodriguez, Bosnjak Sirgy, 2012). Mr. Jones, after the research work and test drive, was certain of his choice for the sedan by Toyota as it met all his expectations and requirements successfully. He developed a positive attitude towards the brand and decided to go for Toyota Corolla as it was the best in its class in terms of price and features. He decided to discuss the car with his family as his family is actively involved in the decision-making and he would like to take their viewpoints and suggestions into consideration. External Influences Apart from the internal influences, external influences also affect the behavior of the consumers. These influences are not individualistic but are external to the consumer. Consumers are human beings that live in a society where they are attached socially in groups. The members of the groups tend to share their common interests and influence each other, as they share their values and rules. Most of the influence is from the primary groups like the family members and the secondary groups include the organizations and clubs, which have lesser influence when compared to the primary group (Oliver, 2014). Both these groups exert the social power that influences the behavior of a consumer while decision making. Two of these external influences have been discussed below. Culture: Cultural factors include the set of ideologies and values of a particular group of individuals. Cultural factors influence the decision making of an individual as every individual has different principles, beliefs and habits that he develops from his backgrounds and family status (Srensen, 2015). Mr. Jones is a native Australian and therefore, he likes to go for a car that is descent in looks as well as superior in performance. According to his position in office, he would like to go for a brand and model that suits well his personality and position. His car would reflect his social success and therefore, he would pay more attention towards the brand value, rather than a cheaper alternative. Group Influence: Since human beings are socially inherent, various individuals in a group influence each other. The framework for the analysis of group influence on the consumers is called reference groups where the consumer uses a group as a standard reference against which, he makes the comparisons (Beach, 2014). Various degrees of influences come from the reference groups. The primary groups have a huge influence, as they are the members of a fraternity while secondary groups have lesser influence like the weekend groups. Mr. Jones discussed his idea of buying Toyota Corolla with his friends and club associates, as it was an important decision that involves a major financial investment. Therefore, he was looking for feedbacks and loopholes that he might have missed in his research. The ideas and suggestions would help him to strengthen or reconsider his decision. Final decision making After all the decision making process, Mr. Jones purchased a new Toyota Corolla as it was a safe and affordable vehicle for his daily use. His family influenced him for safety and his age and financial status influenced him for not being too much extravagant on luxury cars. The decision making process was a lengthy one as purchasing a car turned out to be a complex process. The car satisfies his requirements and fits perfectly in his budget. Consequently, the marketers should also understand the buying decision of the consumers and their safety needs. References Aguirre-Rodriguez, A., Bosnjak, M., Sirgy, M. J. (2012). Moderators of the self-congruity effect on consumer decision-making: A meta-analysis.Journal of Business Research,65(8), 1179-1188. Beach, L. R. (2014).Decision making in the workplace: A unified perspective. Psychology Press. Betsch, T., Haberstroh, S. (Eds.). (2014).The routines of decision making. Psychology Press. Butkevi ien, V., Stravinskien, J., Rtelionien, A. (2015). Impact of consumer package communication on consumer decision making process.Engineering Economics,56(1). Juster, F. T. (2015).Anticipations and purchases: An analysis of consumer behavior. Princeton University Press. Lee, S. W., Schwarz, N., Landau, I. M., Robinson, M. D., Meier, B. P. (2014). Metaphor in judgment and decision making.Metaphorical thought in social life. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Lysonski, S., Durvasula, S. (2013). Consumer decision making styles in retailing: evolution of mindsets and psychological impacts.Journal of Consumer Marketing,30(1), 75-87. Oliver, R. L. (2014).Satisfaction: A behavioral perspective on the consumer. Routledge. Solomon, M. R. (2014).Consumer behavior: buying, having, and being. Engelwood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Solomon, M. R., Russell-Bennett, R., Previte, J. (2013).Consumer behaviour: Buying, having, being. Pearson Australia. Srensen, J. (2015). Understanding how culture influences emotions in consumer decision-making. InFinding Solutions for the Chanllenges of Internationalization. Aalborg Universitetsforlag. Vohs, K. D., Baumeister, R. F., Schmeichel, B. J., Twenge, J. M., Nelson, N. M., Tice, D. M. (2014). Making choices impairs subsequent self-control: a limited-resource account of decision making, self-regulation, and active initiative.

TOK Speech on Art Essay Example For Students

TOK Speech on Art Essay Now I want to dive straight into a recent experience I had, regarding my topic. A couple of months ago I visited an art exhibition, as I do occasionally. However this was no ordinary exhibition, you may ask how or why? And I will tell you that an Exhibition is defined by a public display of work (in this case art) but in this particular exhibition what was displayed was all but empty canvases or artwork, which one could very well initially presume to be not art at all. I’m talking about invisible art here, art that you cannot see, feel or sense in general. We will write a custom essay on TOK Speech on Art specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now As I went from artwork to artwork, piece to piece. I became bewildered by the irritation of not being able to know what the art was about, what it looked like but above all, WHAT THE ARTIST INTENDED. Initially I had no knowledge of what some pieces meant, I had no means of extracting any knowledge from it although I knew it existed on the canvas (special ink) however what I did have was my creativity, which I utilised to generate different meanings, different interpretations for different pieces of artwork! Unfortunately, this new and one could say addictive experience was put down when some pieces of artwork were either being explained to me by guides (whom possessed what many deemed the ‘true’ knowledge of what the artwork was based on/how it came about/who the artist was) and also when other pieces were elaborated upon through blurbs/hand-outs, which I inevitably came across.  And this ladies and gentlemen is where my knowledge issue arises. Which is better illustrated through the following:  To what extent does the intent of the artist affect how we see and feel towards their artwork.  And in this presentation I will be focusing on perception, emotion and shortly on language as my ways of knowing. I will also be focusing on the arts as my area of knowledge. Now I truly believe this knowledge issue is imperative as countless of people visit exhibitions and these questions are constantly tossed around in the minds of both observer and artist. So to begin then, when I say ways of knowing I mean the manner in which we understand and one of the ways we know in this context is perception, which is defined by â€Å"THE AWARENESS OF OUR SURROUNDINGS THROUGH OUR 5 SENSES: SO I WILL BE FOCUSING MORE ON SIGHT PERCEPTION AS MY EXPERIENCE RELIES HEAVILY ON THIS PARTICULAR SENSE. And the other way of knowing is Emotion which is defined as CLICK.  Now it’s important to highlight that these ways of knowing tend to be rather subjective, in that one person’s perception and emotion can be different to others. Our ways of knowing can also be biased in that external factors can affect the manner in which we perceive or feel towards something.  Now let me apply these concepts to my personal experience. Ill start by showing you a piece of artwork. SHOW A PIECE OF ARTWORK. WHAT DO YOU PERCEIVE THE MEANING TO BE, ANY EMOTIONS YOU FEEL IN RESPONSE? Now many of you will perceive a thing from this artwork that others wont, and many will have different emotions towards this artwork that others dont. You may feel sad towards this art, some may believe it to be surprising (once again different minds undergo different states). SHOW ANOTHER: ONCE AGAIN WHAT DO YOU PERCEIVE IT TO BE, WHAT EMOTIONS emanate from this art? Now going back to the first piece of artwork what if I told you that for this image, the ukranian oleg shuplyak intended to portray a metaphor for individuals who have lost their loved ones just as trees shed their leaves in autumn, now some you may have had different interpretations running through your mind, you might think that this is actually how we should perceive or feel towards the artwork, it is rational (i.e reasonable) for me to accept the creators intent on the creation as the creator knows of his creation far better than the observer. .ub4a4593fe6029abe8722af43273ddd45 , .ub4a4593fe6029abe8722af43273ddd45 .postImageUrl , .ub4a4593fe6029abe8722af43273ddd45 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub4a4593fe6029abe8722af43273ddd45 , .ub4a4593fe6029abe8722af43273ddd45:hover , .ub4a4593fe6029abe8722af43273ddd45:visited , .ub4a4593fe6029abe8722af43273ddd45:active { border:0!important; } .ub4a4593fe6029abe8722af43273ddd45 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub4a4593fe6029abe8722af43273ddd45 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub4a4593fe6029abe8722af43273ddd45:active , .ub4a4593fe6029abe8722af43273ddd45:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub4a4593fe6029abe8722af43273ddd45 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub4a4593fe6029abe8722af43273ddd45 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub4a4593fe6029abe8722af43273ddd45 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub4a4593fe6029abe8722af43273ddd45 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub4a4593fe6029abe8722af43273ddd45:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub4a4593fe6029abe8722af43273ddd45 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub4a4593fe6029abe8722af43273ddd45 .ub4a4593fe6029abe8722af43273ddd45-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub4a4593fe6029abe8722af43273ddd45:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Great Gatsby, written by Scott F. EssayWhat If I told you that for the second piece of artwork C.M. Coolidge intended to personify every mans hopes and dreams for the future, you may be thinking the same thing, because the artist is the creator and therefore any intent he gives must be true and relevant. You ask your selves the same question over and over again? Do I perceive (using my sight senses) and feel (emotionally) how the artist intended me to or do I choose to ignore the artists intent. And here is where it gets interesting. At this exhibition, the main art that I was observing looked like this: BLANK SCREEN. Now you might be waiting for me to realise that there’s nothing on the screen and say â€Å"Im experiencing technical difficulties† but no. What you see, rather what you dont see is exactly what I saw. Invisible art. We now realise that there is no clear substance to perceive or feel towards in a certain manner, rather we are free to make our own perceptions, free to feel how we like towards it.